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For the first time it was mentioned in Ipatiiv chronicles 1100. The origin of the name comes from its situation on a high bank of the Vilia river where the riverside hills make an acute bend - "ostroh".
Ostroh was a significant cultural center of Ukraine. In the XVI century in the town there was opened a Greek-Slavonic school. In the school they taught Slavonic, Greek and Latin languages, grammar, arithmetic, logic, rhetoric.
At the end of 1574 I.Fedorov on the prince Ostrovs'kys means had founded a printing-house where he issued an ABC-book (1578), New Testament with Psalter (1580) and the first complete issue of Bible in Old Ukrainian - "Ostroz'ka Bible". In 1603 there were three printing houses that issued more than 20 works of scientists of those days. The town was a residence of the Ukrainian magnates Ostroz'kyis till 1620.
In 1585 it was given the Magdeburg Right.
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